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While the general rules for valuation call for hedging derivatives to be recognised at fair value and for value adjustments to be captured as directly affecting net income, changes in fair value – in so far as they lead to a book value that lies above the cost of purchase – are to be recognised as not affecting net income. If there were no accounting regulations, hedging relationships would lead to uneven P&L effects in this case. Therefore, the aim of the hedge accounting regulations in IAS 39 and IFRS 9 is to capture the value changes of the hedging instruments and the hedged items as largely compensating each other and as affecting or not affecting net income to the same degree.
The Flex Finance FlexFinance hedge solution fully supports the hedge management requirements of IFRS and reduces the P&L effects of the Mixed Model Approach.
The Flex Finance FlexFinance blueprint for Hedge offers users a solution that covers the full lifecycle of a hedge from designation to termination.
It fully supports IFRS requirements for documentation and the audit trail of a hedge relationship.
The effectiveness test can be carried out daily and its results can be tracked to the individual deal level via drilldown. The effectiveness tests can also be manually overridden whenever ineffectiveness should occur.
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- Hedge Management
- Support of identification and designation of hedged items and hedging instruments for a hedging relationship
- Inclusion of a financial instrument with only a portion of its cash flows or fair value into the hedging relationship is possible
- Freely definable hedge names
- Choice of used hedge type and risk type
- Deal search with a wide range of filter criteria for finding perfectly fitting hedging instruments
- Portfolio assembly and time bucketing in the context of portfolio hedges
- Documentation of risk purpose and risk strategy as well as additional documentation set up in PDF, Word, Excel etc.
- Automatic event-driven messaging when ineffectiveness occurs
- Possibility of manual interaction such as rebalancing or termination.
- Valuation / Effectiveness Test
- The effectiveness test, financial accounting for hedged items and hedging instruments as well as reporting on hedge relations require fine granular valuation elements. These elements can be delivered by any third party tool or they can be calculated by Jabatix Finance FlexFinance components. These components are part of the blueprint “Valuation” and integrate perfectly with hedge components.
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Diagram: Valuation elements supported by Jabatix Finance FlexFinance Hedge.
Since the financial crisis, due to market evolvements, tenor basis spread and currency basis spread have significant impact on valuation of financial instruments. At the same time the multi-curve valuation approach has been commonly adopted. In multi-curve valuation for collateralised transactions, the OIS curve is applied as the discount factor while cash flow forecasting is based on the forward rate curve related to specific tenor (3M, 6M etc).
In case of uncollateralised transactions, the followings options are provided:
The OIS curve can be still used as a discount factor to calculate the so-called “no default” fair value. The fair value of the financial instruments will be then adjusted by CVA and DVA. As practice in some banks, regular LIBOR/EURIBOR can also be used as discount factor. Or,
The credit spread is applied on top of benchmark curve like the OIS or the LIBOR curve as part of the discount factor. This can be used in case the fair value of the financial instrument is always positive (as asset) or always negative (as liability)
FlexFinance measures the effectiveness of a hedge relationship according to a pre-defined measurement schedule, which is configured according to your risk management strategy. At the most rudimentary level, the measurement takes place at the initial valuation of the deal and when the bank prepares its financial statements. The measurement takes place automatically.
The following prospective and retrospective effectiveness tests are supported:
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- Dollar Offset Method (ratio analysis)
- Advanced Dollar Offset Method (threshold test + ratio analysis)
- Regression Analysis
- Benchmark Interest Rate Method
- Effectiveness Monitoring: It can be configured if the retrospective (mandatory for IAS39IAS 39) effectiveness and/or solely the prospective effectiveness (mandatory for IFRS9/IAS39) of the hedging relationship are checked. These checks can be performed at the beginning of and during the deal term.
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- Hedge Financial Accounting
- Rule-based generation of debit/credit entries
- Rule-based generation of debit/credit entries
- Hedge Reporting
Different hedge types are permitted under hedge accounting.
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Jabatix supports the creation of
- Cash Flow Hedges
A future cash flow that is safeguarded against certain risks that might affect profit or loss is defined as a cash flow hedge.
A typical example of a cash flow hedge is the safeguarding of interest payments for a variable-rate bond by a receiver interest rate swap which entails transforming the future variable interest payments into payments with a fixed amount.
The accounting practice in the Jabatix Hedge Manager for hedged items and hedging instruments in a cash flow hedge fulfils the requirements for Hedge Accounting under IFRS. The hedged item is still valued and accounted for in accordance with the regulations in force while the hedging instrument is designated at full fair value and is disclosed at this value on the balance sheet.
- Fair Value Hedges
A fair value hedge entails safeguarding against fair value changes in hedged items and hedging instruments. The following are to be recognised in profit or loss:
- the profit and loss from changes in the fair value of the hedging instrument and
- the profit and loss from changes in the fair value of the hedged item, in so far as these are related to the hedged risk.
The following table shows hedged risks and hedging instruments for loans support by FlexFinance Hedge
Diagram: Hedge Types for loans supported by FlexFinance Hedge.
This also applies if the hedged deal is also otherwise valued at amortised cost or the value changes are captured as not affecting net income in the revaluation reserve.
The value changes of the hedging instrument and the hedged item are therefore recognised (largely compensated) on the balance sheet as affecting net income.
Safeguards against different types of risk can be implemented for one hedge. Jabatix Finance FlexFinance supports hedging against the following types of risk:
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